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"Indian Reservation (The Lament of the Cherokee Reservation Indian)" is a song written by John D. Loudermilk.〔Jancik, Wayne ''The Billboard Book of One-Hit Wonders'' 1998. ISBN 0-8230-7622-9 page 247〕 Marvin Rainwater first recorded the song in 1959 on MGM by Marvin Rainwater as "The Pale Faced Indian", but that release stayed unnoticed. The first hit version was a 1968 cover by Don Fardon, a former member of The Sorrows, that reached #20 on the Hot 100〔Whitburn, Joel, ''Top Pop Singles 1955-2002'' Record Research Inc. 1997 pages 238, 589 ISBN 0-89820-155-1〕 and #3 on the UK Singles Chart. In 1971 Paul Revere & the Raiders recorded the song on the Columbia Records label, and it topped the Hot 100 on July 24.〔Bronson, Fred, ''The Billboard Book of Number One Hits'', Billboard Publications, Inc. 1985. ISBN 0-8230-7522-2〕 The RIAA gold certification followed on 30 June 1971 for selling over a million copies. It was later certified platinum for selling an additional million copies.〔 The UK punk band, 999, released a cover version on 14 November 1981 on the Albion Ion label, and it reached #51 in the UK chart. The song was later further covered by the Orlando Riva Sound. Billy Thunderkloud & the Chieftones covered the song in 1976 for Polydor Records, taking their version to number 74 on Hot Country Songs. The song is also covered as "National Reservation" by the Slovenian martial industrial group Laibach on their 1994 album NATO, replacing "Cherokee" in several places with "Eastern", in the context of the end of the Cold War and influx of capitalism in eastern Europe (and thus changing the context of "we're still a redman deep inside" to that of communism). A 1994 country song by Tim McGraw, "Indian Outlaw", ends with part of the main "Cherokee people" chorus from "Indian Reservation".〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Indian Outlaw - Tim McGraw - Google Play Music )〕 The live version also uses the full chorus near the end of the song. In 2015 the song was recorded by the popular Chicago area band (ALTER EGO ) which featured the first-ever lead vocal of the song by a female singer. The band released the song online for digital download.〔http://www.cdbaby.com/cd/alterego13〕 ==Historical context== The song refers to the forcible removal and relocation of the Five Civilized Tribes, including the Cherokee people, from the southeastern states of Georgia, North Carolina, Florida, Mississippi and Alabama to the southern Indian Territory in present-day Oklahoma. The removal of these tribes throughout the 1830s is often referred to as the "Trail of Tears". The removal of the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek and Seminole came on the heels of President Andrew Jackson's key legislation, the Indian Removal Act of 1830. The Cherokee were the last of the Five Civilized Tribes to be removed after signing the Treaty of New Echota. The removal caused great turmoil within the tribe as members of the Treaty Party were marked for death by Principal Chief John Ross. During the American Civil War the Cherokee were divided between the Ross Faction and the Ridge Faction. The Ross Faction, who had not supported removal and was made up mostly of full blood members of the tribe, remained loyal to the Union. The Ridge Faction, led by Stand Watie, was made up mostly of half blood members of the tribe and due to their southern ways (including owning slaves) sided with the Confederacy. Stand Watie became the last Confederate General to surrender.〔Connole, Joseph, 'Why they Fought: Native American Involvement in the American Civil War', Whispering Wind Magazine vol. 39 no. 6, Jan. 2011〕 Following the Civil War, the United States Indian Policy turned to war and forced reservation life for the nations of the Great Plains. The Dawes Act of 1887 was adopted to allow the President to survey Indian lands and divide it up into individual allotments. Under the Dawes Act many Natives were "registered" with the Federal government. However, the law did not apply to the Five Civilized Tribes; instead the Dawes Commission was established in 1893 to convince members of the Five Civilized Tribes to adopt the individual allotments under the Dawes Act. Many Cherokee refused to be registered and as a result another split in the Cherokee Nation occurred. Today the Cherokee maintain their Federal reservation in Oklahoma with pockets living in their ancestral lands of North Carolina and Georgia. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Indian Reservation (The Lament of the Cherokee Reservation Indian)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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